Distributive Politics and Electoral Incentives: Evidence from Seven US State Legislatures

Toke S. Aidt; Julia Shvets (2012) · American Economic Journal: Economic Policy

Published

October 10, 2026

import sys
from pathlib import Path

ROOT = next(
    p for p in [Path.cwd(), *Path.cwd().parents]
    if (p / "scripts/tranche50_report.py").exists()
)
sys.path.insert(0, str(ROOT / "scripts"))
from tranche50_report import report
report("aeraej-606")

Toke S. Aidt; Julia Shvets (2012). American Economic Journal: Economic Policy. Table 5 col.

Source specification

State-by-year effects and district clustering are retained. Post-exit untreated observations are excluded from the adoption comparison.

Source coefficient Template on source sample Source N Template source-sample N
-14.445 -14.445 8166 8166

Source-to-template coefficient difference: 2.15e-10, in original outcome units.

Role Column
Outcome tottransfer
Treatment tllastterm
Unit nameid
Time year
Cluster clusterdistid

No additional covariates beyond fixed effects.

Estimates below divide the outcome by its source-sample standard deviation, 294.062. Static TWFE is the treatment coefficient. Dynamic TWFE, BJS and Sun–Abraham average supported post-treatment cells by observation count. CS-DID additionally reports an equal-event-time average.

Analysis sample and treatment timing

Observations Units Treated Control units Cohorts Clusters
8165 1573 328 1245 5 7385
Sample restriction Count
additional rows removed 1

Adoption is the first observed treated period. Initially treated units and units without an observed minus-one baseline are excluded. Post-adoption untreated rows are excluded for switching policies. The plot shows at most 100 seeded-sample units; estimation uses the full eligible sample. Empty cells remain missing.

y__d: 100 of 1573 units shown (seed 20261008). All eligible units enter estimation. Purple: untreated; yellow: treated; white: unobserved.

Estimates

Estimator Estimate (SD) SE 95% lower 95% upper Target Status
Static TWFE -0.049123 0.022754 -0.093728 -0.0045178 Coefficient estimated
Dynamic TWFE -0.044797 0.022263 -0.088439 -0.0011548 Treated cells estimated
BJS / did2s -0.033095 0.020632 -0.07354 0.0073492 Treated cells estimated
Sun–Abraham -0.043424 0.023385 -0.089264 0.0024165 Treated cells estimated
CS-DID (equal event-time) nan nan nan nan Equal post-event times unsupported
SDID nan nan nan nan Treated cells unsupported
Matrix completion nan nan nan nan Treated cells unsupported
Horizontal ridge nan nan nan nan Treated cells unsupported
Multisynth (cohort-averaged) nan nan nan nan Treated cells unsupported
Multisynth (individual) nan nan nan nan Treated cells unsupported

Intervals use the configured clusters and the estimator’s available inference. Hollow points have no computed interval; no new refit-bootstrap batch is run.

Estimator Reason
CS-DID (equal event-time) csdid: matching the configured nonstandard fixed effects is not implemented.
SDID sdid: matching the configured nonstandard fixed effects is not implemented.
Matrix completion matrix-completion: matching the configured nonstandard fixed effects is not implemented.
Horizontal ridge horizontal-ridge: matching the configured nonstandard fixed effects is not implemented.
Multisynth (cohort-averaged) multisynth-cohort: matching the configured nonstandard fixed effects is not implemented.
Multisynth (individual) multisynth-individual: matching the configured nonstandard fixed effects is not implemented.

Event studies

Cohort homogeneity

The imported TestingInEventStudies deviations design tests positive-event-time cohort deviations jointly. This is the homoskedastic nested-model F-test; the estimator confidence intervals above use clustered inference.

**y__d: F(4, 6468) = 2.8664; p = 0.02188.** Homoskedastic nested-model F. 45 design columns.

Each line is a cohort deviation. The joint test restricts positive-event-time deviations to zero; event time 0 remains unrestricted.

Fitting settings and checks

Specification Estimator Settings Pooling
y__d CS-DID {} {}
y__d SDID {} {}
y__d Matrix completion {} {}
y__d Horizontal ridge {} {}
y__d Multisynth (cohort-averaged) {} {}
y__d Multisynth (individual) {} {}
{
  "did2s_vs_direct_imputation_max_post_difference": 1.0408340855860843e-17,
  "package_aggregate_vs_estimable_cell_weights": null,
  "saturated_vs_deviations_relative_rss_difference": 4.970294641423622e-12
}